Peters



- 2 Sheets-Sheet l,

J. P. HAYES.-

Cooking Range.

' Patented Au 26, 1846;

. 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 LR HAYES.

Cooking Range.

Patented Aug. 26 1846.

llllllililhilililiz z f ay". Z0

. cooking range.

. ran STATES PATENT orrron JOHN P; HAYES, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

COOKING-RANGE.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 4,720, dated August 26,1846.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that 1, JOHN P. HAYES, of

lowing specification, accompanying draw-l lngs, letters, figures, andreferences thereof.

Of the aforementioned drawings Figure 1 represents a top View of myimproved Fig. 2' is a front elevation. Fig. 3 is a central vertical andtransverse section. Fig. 4 is a horizontal section taken through thecenter of the cold air induction pipe at the back of the range. Fig. 5is a horizontal section taken between the horizontal partition which issituated directly over the cold air induction pipe, and the horizontalplate immediately over said partition. Fig. 6 is a vertical andlongitudinal section taken through the center of the fire place. Fig. .7is a horizontal section taken midway between the plate on which theboilers rest, and the plate immediately below it. Fig. 8 is a horizontalsection taken between the bottom plate of the oven and the horizontalcasing beneath. Fig. 9 is a horizontal section taken between the topplate of the oven, and the horizontal plate or casing over it. Fig. 10is a vertical and longitudinal section of the back part of the oven,taken so as to pass through the boxes or ducts for the admission of hotair into the oven.

In such of the aforesaid figures as the sameare seen, A denotes the fireplaceor chamber for the combustion of the coal and Bis the oven.

. C is the'top plate upon which the boiling vessels are arranged andsupported.

D is the ash box.

The chamber of combustion opens directly intov a long flue space orchamber E situated over it and between it and the plate C. At the rearpart of the chamber E is a long vertical or inclined partition F whichextends between the top plate C and the plate G directly below it, andalso between the back part of the fire place and the rear side of thechamber E as seen in the drawings. There is a passage made through thecenter .of the partition F which has a flue valve I applied to it forthe purpose of closing it when necessary. The partition .is not so longas the chamber E but terminates at some distance from each end of it asseen in the drawings. Theobject of the said partition is to enable aperson to direct the smoke and heat which escape from the fire placeunder all the boiling vessels the same beingefiected by closing the fluevalve I. The smoke then courses around the ends of the partition andafter passing in rear of it, escapes through the opening K (Figs. 3, and8,) into a flue space L extending along underneath the oven B.

Flues M, N 9 formed by vertical plates 00 3 of, b) extend from the fluespace L (Figs. 3, and 8,) upward and along the ends of the oven, andterminate and open respectively in flue spaces 0, P, made (by verticalpartitions (0 f) over portions of its top as seen in Fig. 9. and openingout of the said spaces 0, P other vertical flues Q, R extend downward inrear of and against the back of the oven and open through the lowerparts of vertical partitions S, T, into a central vertical flue Usituated between the fines Q, R and passing upward in contact with theback part of the oven and over the central part of its top, or betweenthe fiues O P, as seen in Figs. 3, and 9' of the drawings. A passage V(Fig.3) leads out of the From and into the chimney flue, by which thesmoke is discharged into the atmosphere. From the above it will be seenthat the smoke after having entered the space L, extending entirelybeneath the oven, passes into and up the flues M, N, thence into thefines O. P, thence downward through the flues Q, R, thence into thecentral flue U, thence upward and over the oven and finally escapesthrough the opening V (the whole being denoted by the red arrows inFigs. 3 and 9) in its passage imparting heat to the bottom, ends, topand rear side of the oven.

' At the rear partof the smoke space beneath the oven, two smallchambers or pipes X, are placed, and at a short distance apart from eachother, so as to create a passage Y, so as to close it when necessary.Each of the chambers W, X, communicates with the interior of the oven byan opening a or Z) leading into it, each of the said passages having aclosing valve 0, or (Z, applied to it.

Each of the small chambers WV, X, has a pipe 6 (see Figs. 8, 4, 5, and8) extending from it and inserted in the vertical baclr plate 9, and soas to open a communication (see Figs. 3, 4, 10) between the chambers IV,X, and chambers 2', is, situated on each side of the fire place, as seenin the drawings. Below the plate G, is another plate f, which isarranged parallel to it, and at a distance from it, as seen in thedrawing. The said plate constitutes the top of the chambers 2', is, aswell as that of another chamber h, arranged in rear of the grate,

and against the plate 9.

The front plate 2", of the chamber h, is placed at a short distance fromthe back plate of the fireplace and extends nearly, but not quite downto the lower plate Z of the stove. An opening m, (see Figs. 3, 4) ismade through the back plate 9 into the chamber h, the said opening beingfor the admission of cold air into the chamber h.

The said air after passing into the chamber h, impinges against theplate 2", thence passes downward underneath it, and upward between itand the back of the fire place, and thence enters the chambers or spacebetween the plates G, and f, as denoted by the blue arrows in thedrawings. Thence it is made to pass downward through passages 0, p, andbetween vertical partitions 9,1, (which extend down from the plate f tothe bottom plate of the stove, and parallel to the end plates of thefire place), and the ends of the fire place and to pass through'passages .9, (formed through the respective ends of the ash pit), andthence into the ash pit, and from thence upward and through the fire, orchamber of combustion. Each of the passages s, has a small valve or door2,, properly applied to it, for the purpose of closing it when required.As the cold air courses through the above described chambers, around thefire place, it becomes warmed or, heated by contact with the fire place,and plates composing the boundaries of the chambers, and in such aheated state, it, by opening the doors t and closing up the front of theash pit, may be caused to circulate a rush through the fire. )Vhen soapplied to the fire, it aflects a great economy of fuel or combustion.

When the doors t, t, are closed, the Warm air will pass from thechambers around the fire place, and into and through the pipes e, e, andboxes or chambers IV, X. From thence, by opening the valves or registersc, (1, it may be caused to pass into the oven. The introduction of hotair into the oven, to assist in the operations of baking therein,constitutes a very important feature of my invent-ion. By means of theemployment of fresh air heated and kept circulating in the oven, andstill further heated by the smoke which passes around the exterior ofthe oven, I am enabled to bake to a much better advantage than in anoven wherein the air is confined in the ordinary manner.

The operation of baking meats or other articles in my improved range,renders them much more palatable than when cooked in the confined air ofa close oven, as is the general custom.

Instead of employing the heated air to aid in facilitating combustion ofthe fuel, or baking in the oven, it may be taken from the chambers i,is, through pipes u, a, (made in any proper manner to lead therefrom),and by them conveyed into any apartment it may be desirable to warm.

I claim The peculiar arrangement or combination of smoke passages forheating the oven that is to say I claim the combination of the fluespace L, extending entirely underneath the bottom plate of the oven andmade to receive its smoke through an opening K fines M, N, extending incontact with the ends of the oven, and leading out of the space Ltopfiues O, P, communicating with the fines M, N and made to pass incontact with portions of the top plate of the ovendescending fiues Q, R,made to receive smoke from the fines O, P, and to pass in contact wit-hportions of the back plate of the oven, andan ascending discharging flueV, made to receive smoke from the fiues Q, R, and to extend between themand the flues O, P, or against a portion of the back and top plates ofthe oven; the whole being arranged and operating in connection with thefire place and other parts as above specified.

In testimony that the foregoing is a true description of my saidinvention and improvements, I have hereto set my signature, thiseleventh day of March in the year eighteen hundred and forty-six. 7

JOHN P. HAYES. Witnesses R. H. EDDY, S. W. )VALDRON, Jr.

